Risk Factor of Hospital Malnutrition After Pediatric Nutrition Care Management

Abstract

Increased prevalence of Hospital Malnutrition (HM) caused by Pediatric Nutrition Care (PNC) has not been implemented and influenced by several risk factors. The aim was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for gender, age, initial nutritional status, admission diagnosis, and length of stay (LOS) of HM after PNC. A cross sectional study was conducted from May 1, 2017 to May 1, 2018 by reviewing the medical record of children who were treated in the pediatric ward Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. The sampling method is total sampling. Hospital malnutrition was defined as weight loss ≥ 2% for LOS <7 days, ≥5% for 7-30 days and ≥ 10% for 1-6 months. Logistic regression was performed, and significance value with p <0.05. There were 736 children who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The prevalence of HM after PNC occurred in 5.6% children, which were dominated by 51.2% girls, 73.2% aged 1 month to 5 years, 46.3% well nourished, 61% from respiratory division, and 51.2% with LOS 7 to 30 days. Significant risk factors only from respiratory division (p = 0.033; OR 3.822; CI 95% 1.111-13.146). We conclude that children with admission diagnosis of respiratory division have a risk of HM after PNC.

Keywords: prevalence; hospital malnutrition; pediatric nutrition care; risk factors; children